Duodenal hematoma in general represents a nonsurgical injury, in that the best results are obtained with conservative or nonsurgical management. It can be diagnosed either by contrast-enhanced CT scan or upper gastrointestinal (UGI) study (Figure 7).
What is a hematoma on the duodenum?
INTRODUCTION. Intramural hematoma is a rare duodenal injury, usually occurring in association with blunt abdominal trauma. It can result in partial or complete high intestinal obstruction often with a slow insidious onset leading to delay in diagnosis. Diagnosis and treatment remain controversial.
What causes duodenal hematoma?
Most intramural duodenal hematomas are caused by blunt trauma, but uncommon non-traumatic causes include anticoagulant therapy, bleeding disorders, pancreatitis, and endoscopic interventions [6].
What is a transected pancreas?
Pancreatic transection is a rare but well-recognized complication of blunt trauma to the abdomen. It is more frequently reported to be isolated in the pediatric population. Presentation and symptoms are often initially subtle leading to delays in diagnosis, which increase morbidity and mortality.
What is a duodenal perforation?
Perforation of the duodenum is defined as a transmural injury to the duodenal wall. A partial thickness laceration may over time develop into a transmural injury. Duodenal perforation can cause acute pain associated with free perforation, or less acute symptoms associated with abscess or fistula formation.
How does a pancreatic injury affect the body?
The complications of pancreatic injury are bleeding, abscess formation, recurrent pancreatitis, fistula formation, and pancreatic pseudocysts (29). Death is usually from sepsis, late hemorrhage, and pancreatic necrosis secondary to acute pancreatitis.
What kind of trauma can cause pancreatitis?
Injuries to the pancreas most commonly result from penetrating trauma caused by gunshot or stab wounds and occur in approximately 20%-30% of all patients with penetrating traumas. The penetrating injury caused by firearms results in the highest frequency of pancreatic trauma.
Which of the following may cause a hematoma?
The most common cause of a hematoma is injury or trauma to blood vessels. This can happen as a result of any damage to blood vessels that can disrupt the integrity of the blood vessel wall. Even minimal damage to a small blood vessel can result in a hematoma.
What are the symptoms of duodenal perforation?
Symptoms of a perforated ulcer may include: Sudden, severe pain in the belly (abdomen), usually in the upper abdomen. Pain spreading to the back or shoulder. Upset stomach (nausea) or vomiting.
